Pine Island is a city in Goodhue and Olmsted counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota. Most of Pine Island is located within Goodhue County, but a small part extends into Olmsted County, making that small portion part of the Rochester metropolitan area. The city's population was 3,263 at the 2010 census.The community has a strong agricultural base, but has been transitioning over time into a bedroom community for nearby Rochester which employs many local residents. Large development is planned for the Olmsted County side as it becomes a suburb of Rochester, including the Elk Run Bioscience Park, and the state's first diverging diamond interchange.